Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) is a key herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and has been used for centuries to support general vitality, strengthen the immune system, and combat various forms of "deficiency" or "wasting" conditions. In TCM, "wasting" (sometimes referred to as "Xiao Ke" or "consumptive diseases") is associated with symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, muscle wasting, and general debility. Astragalus is believed to tonify "Qi" (vital energy), strengthen the spleen, and promote overall resilience, which is why it is commonly included in formulas for people experiencing weakness or wasting due to chronic illness or aging.

While preclinical studies have shown that astragalus contains compounds (such as polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids) that may have immune-modulating and antioxidant effects, direct scientific evidence supporting its use specifically for "wasting" syndromes in humans is limited. Most modern research focuses on astragalus for immune support, anti-inflammatory effects, and adjunctive therapy in cancer or chronic disease, rather than directly addressing cachexia or wasting disorders. Thus, the use of astragalus for "wasting" is primarily rooted in traditional usage, with only modest indirect scientific support. The evidence rating is 2, indicating weak but plausible traditional and indirect scientific rationale.