Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs), such as glycolic acid and lactic acid, are sometimes used as topical treatments for warts, primarily due to their keratolytic properties. Keratolytics help remove the outer layer of skin, which can assist in the gradual removal of the thickened skin overlying warts. AHAs work by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, facilitating exfoliation.

The most widely used keratolytic for warts is salicylic acid, which has robust evidence supporting its efficacy. However, there is some limited scientific evidence supporting the use of AHAs in wart treatment. Small clinical studies and case reports have described the use of glycolic acid and lactic acid peels in treating recalcitrant warts, particularly when other therapies have failed. For example, a few studies reported partial or complete clearance of warts with topical glycolic acid, though these studies involved small sample sizes and often lacked control groups.

Overall, the level of evidence remains modest (rated 2/5), with AHAs generally considered a secondary or adjunctive treatment rather than a first-line therapy for warts. They may be considered in patients who cannot tolerate salicylic acid or in combination therapy. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to firmly establish efficacy and optimal protocols for AHA use in wart treatment.

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