Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Carbonate compounds, particularly sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and calcium carbonate, have been used as antacids for the symptomatic relief of gastric ulcers or peptic ulcers. The scientific rationale for their use is based on their ability to neutralize gastric acid in the stomach, thereby reducing irritation and pain associated with ulcerative lesions. When carbonates react with hydrochloric acid in the stomach, they produce water, carbon dioxide, and neutral salts, temporarily raising gastric pH and lessening acidity. Several clinical studies and historical medical texts describe the use of antacids, including carbonate salts, for symptomatic relief in peptic ulcer disease. However, while they are effective for short-term symptom management, they do not treat the underlying cause of ulcers, such as Helicobacter pylori infection or NSAID-induced mucosal damage. Furthermore, frequent or excessive use of carbonate antacids can lead to side effects such as metabolic alkalosis or "acid rebound," where increased acid production follows eventual neutralization. Modern ulcer management focuses on acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers and eradication of H. pylori. Nonetheless, the use of carbonate as an adjunct for rapid, short-term relief has scientific support, reflected in its inclusion in over-the-counter antacid preparations, but its role is limited and not recommended as a primary or long-term therapy for ulcers.

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