Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bitter principles, also known as bitters, are plant-derived compounds characterized by their bitter taste, commonly found in herbs such as Gentiana lutea (gentian), Andrographis paniculata, and others. Their use in the management of ulcers is primarily grounded in traditional medicine systems, including Ayurveda and European herbalism. Historically, bitters have been used to stimulate appetite, enhance digestive secretions, and promote gastrointestinal health. The rationale for their use in ulcers is that by increasing saliva and gastric juice production, they may aid digestion and indirectly support mucosal healing.

However, scientific validation for the use of bitter principles specifically in ulcer treatment is limited. Some in vitro and animal studies suggest that certain bitters possess anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects, but these findings are preliminary and not robustly translated to clinical practice. Furthermore, increased gastric acid secretion—one effect of bitters—could theoretically aggravate certain types of ulcers. Thus, their use for ulcers is based more on longstanding tradition rather than strong scientific evidence. Clinical trials directly assessing bitters for ulcer healing in humans are lacking, and safety concerns remain unaddressed.

In summary, while the use of bitter principles for ulcers is rooted in traditional practice, scientific evidence supporting their efficacy and safety for this indication is weak. Contemporary clinical guidelines do not recommend bitters for ulcer management.

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