Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Vitamin B3, also known as niacin, has substantial scientific evidence supporting its use in the treatment of high triglycerides. Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated that niacin can significantly lower triglyceride levels, often by 20-50%, depending on the dose. Niacin works by inhibiting hepatic diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2, which reduces the synthesis of triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the liver. This leads to decreased secretion of VLDL and, consequently, lower levels of circulating triglycerides. Niacin also increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, further supporting its use in managing dyslipidemia. Historically, niacin has been one of the earliest agents used to treat lipid disorders, with its lipid-lowering effects recognized since the 1950s. The evidence base includes placebo-controlled trials and meta-analyses confirming its efficacy for triglyceride reduction. However, while niacin is effective, its use has declined in recent years due to its side effect profile (notably flushing, hepatotoxicity, and possible glucose intolerance) and lack of additional cardiovascular benefit when added to statin therapy as shown in more recent large-scale trials. In summary, the use of vitamin B3 (niacin) to treat high triglycerides is well supported by scientific studies, even though the risk-benefit profile should be carefully considered in clinical practice.

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