Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lignans are a group of polyphenolic compounds found in plants, particularly in seeds such as flaxseed, as well as in whole grains and some vegetables. There is emerging scientific interest in lignans for their potential effects on lipid metabolism, including triglyceride levels. Some clinical studies have explored the impact of lignan-rich flaxseed supplementation on lipid profiles, including triglycerides, in humans. A few randomized controlled trials have reported modest reductions in serum triglyceride concentrations with flaxseed or lignan supplementation, especially in individuals with dyslipidemia. The proposed mechanisms include lignans’ phytoestrogenic activity, their antioxidant properties, and their ability to influence hepatic lipid metabolism and reduce cholesterol absorption. However, the magnitude of triglyceride lowering is generally small, and results across studies are inconsistent. Some studies have found no significant effect. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that while flaxseed (which contains lignans, fiber, and alpha-linolenic acid) may offer moderate benefits for lipid parameters, the specific contribution of lignans is unclear. Most benefits are attributed to the combination of components in whole flaxseed rather than isolated lignans. Overall, the evidence base is limited, with small sample sizes and short durations, leading to a moderate but not strong level of scientific support for lignans in treating high triglycerides.

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