Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Fish, particularly fatty fish such as salmon, mackerel, sardines, and anchovies, are rich sources of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA and DHA). The use of fish or fish oil to reduce elevated triglyceride levels is strongly supported by scientific evidence. Numerous randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have shown that supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids can significantly lower serum triglyceride concentrations in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia. The mechanism is thought to involve decreased hepatic triglyceride synthesis and increased clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Major health organizations, such as the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology, recommend omega-3 fatty acids (from fish or fish oil supplements) as an adjunct to dietary and lifestyle interventions for managing high triglyceride levels. Prescription-strength omega-3 fatty acid formulations (such as icosapent ethyl and omega-3-acid ethyl esters) are FDA-approved specifically for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia. Typical reductions in triglyceride levels range from 15% to 30% depending on the dose. Overall, the evidence base is robust, with hundreds of clinical studies and decades of research supporting the use of fish-derived omega-3s to lower triglycerides.

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