Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs), a group of polyphenolic compounds found predominantly in coffee, artichokes, and some medicinal herbs, have been investigated for their potential effects on lipid metabolism, including triglyceride (TG) levels. Preclinical studies, mainly in animal models, suggest that CQAs might help reduce serum triglycerides by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism, enhancing β-oxidation, and reducing lipogenesis. Some mechanisms proposed include the downregulation of genes involved in lipid synthesis and improved antioxidant status, which may indirectly affect lipid profiles. Human evidence, however, is limited and mixed. A few small clinical trials using chlorogenic acid (the most abundant CQA) or CQA-rich plant extracts, often in the context of coffee consumption or artichoke leaf extract supplementation, have reported modest reductions in triglyceride levels. For example, artichoke leaf extract, which is rich in CQAs, has shown some benefit in lowering TG in patients with mild hyperlipidemia in randomized controlled trials. However, these effects are generally modest, and the studies often involve multi-component extracts, making it difficult to attribute benefits solely to CQAs. Overall, while there is some scientific rationale and preliminary evidence supporting the use of caffeoylquinic acids for high triglycerides, the evidence is not robust or consistent. Further well-designed human trials are needed to establish efficacy and clarify mechanisms.

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