Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactoperoxidase is an enzyme naturally present in milk, saliva, and other secretions, where it plays a role in the body’s defense against microbial infections. Its mechanism of action involves catalyzing the oxidation of thiocyanate ions (SCN-) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, leading to the production of hypothiocyanite (OSCN-), a compound with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This antimicrobial effect has been studied primarily in the context of oral hygiene, with some evidence suggesting that lactoperoxidase can inhibit the growth of various microorganisms, including Candida albicans, the fungus responsible for thrush (oral candidiasis).

Clinical validation for lactoperoxidase in the treatment or prevention of thrush is modest but present. Several in vitro studies have demonstrated that lactoperoxidase systems can inhibit the growth of Candida species. Some small clinical trials and case studies have evaluated oral care products containing lactoperoxidase (often in combination with other enzymes such as lysozyme and glucose oxidase) for reducing oral candidal colonization, especially in immunocompromised patients or individuals with dry mouth. However, these studies are limited in size and quality, and results are not uniformly positive.

Overall, the use of lactoperoxidase for thrush has a plausible mechanistic basis and limited early clinical support, but robust, large-scale clinical trials are lacking. Its use is more common in oral hygiene products marketed for general oral health rather than as a primary or sole treatment for thrush.

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