Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Picamilon is a compound formed by combining niacin (vitamin B3) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It was developed in Russia in the 1960s and has been used there as a prescription drug for various neurological conditions, including anxiety, tension, and depression. The rationale behind its use is that, when taken orally, picamilon can cross the blood-brain barrier—unlike GABA alone—and then is hydrolyzed to release both niacin and GABA in the brain. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter known to have calming effects on the nervous system, potentially reducing symptoms of tension and anxiety. Clinical studies supporting picamilon's efficacy are limited and largely originate from Russia, with results published primarily in Russian-language journals. These studies suggest picamilon may improve symptoms in patients with anxiety, psychosomatic disorders, and cerebrovascular conditions, sometimes noting reduced tension and improved mood. However, the methodological quality of these studies is often unclear, and there are few, if any, rigorous, well-controlled clinical trials published in the broader international scientific literature. Authorities such as the FDA have not approved picamilon for any indication, and its status as a dietary supplement is controversial. The evidence supporting its use for "tension" is thus modest and does not meet the standards of high-quality, replicated clinical research. As such, the scientific support for picamilon's use to treat or support tension is limited and should be considered preliminary.

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