Lithothamnion, a genus of red algae, is primarily valued for its high content of bioavailable calcium, magnesium, and trace minerals. Its use in supporting the teeth is based on its mineral composition, particularly calcium, which is essential for dental health and the maintenance of tooth structure. Several in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that Lithothamnion-derived mineral extracts can contribute to the remineralization of tooth enamel, potentially strengthening teeth and reducing demineralization when used as a dietary supplement or as a component in oral care products.

A notable scientific study (Carvalho et al., 2018, Archives of Oral Biology) found that a toothpaste containing Lithothamnion calcareum was as effective as fluoride toothpaste in reducing enamel demineralization under laboratory conditions. Additionally, Lithothamnion is sometimes used as a natural calcium source in dietary supplements, supporting overall mineral intake for bone and dental health.

However, large-scale human clinical trials directly evaluating Lithothamnion's benefits for dental health are limited. While the mineral basis for its use is scientifically sound, and preliminary data are promising, more robust human evidence is needed for a higher confidence rating.