Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Bee propolis has a history of traditional use in oral health, but recent scientific studies provide moderate evidence supporting its benefits for the teeth and oral cavity. Propolis is a resinous compound produced by bees, rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that propolis exhibits activity against oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans, which is a primary bacterium involved in dental caries. Clinical trials and systematic reviews indicate that mouthwashes and toothpastes containing propolis can reduce dental plaque formation and gingival inflammation, sometimes performing comparably to standard chlorhexidine products but with fewer side effects. There is also some evidence to suggest that propolis may aid in the healing of oral ulcers and reduce symptoms of periodontitis. However, the number of high-quality, large-scale human studies is still limited, and standardization of propolis preparations remains an issue. In summary, while traditional use is extensive, there is a growing body of scientific research supporting the use of bee propolis for oral and dental health, particularly for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, justifying a moderate evidence rating.

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