Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a crucial role in tissue repair and wound healing, both of which are central to recovery from surgery. Scientific research has extensively demonstrated that TGF-β is involved in all phases of wound healing, including inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. It stimulates fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and modulates the immune response—all of which are vital for effective tissue repair after surgical intervention.

Numerous animal studies and in vitro experiments have shown that exogenous administration or upregulation of TGF-β can accelerate wound closure and improve the quality of healed tissue. In clinical settings, TGF-β and its analogs have been explored in the context of healing chronic wounds, surgical incisions, and even in the context of certain tissue-engineered grafts. For example, recombinant TGF-β has been used experimentally in dressings or gels to enhance wound healing, particularly in difficult or slow-healing surgical wounds. However, its use is not without concern, as excessive TGF-β activity can promote fibrosis and scarring.

Overall, the scientific evidence supporting the use of TGF-β in surgical healing is strong at the preclinical level, with growing but still limited clinical data. As a result, while TGF-β is not yet a routine clinical therapy for post-surgical healing, its biological role is well-validated, and it remains a target of significant therapeutic interest for optimizing surgical recovery.

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