Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Albumin is a plasma protein commonly used in clinical settings, including perioperative care for surgical patients. Its use is primarily supported by scientific rationale rather than tradition. Albumin has several physiological roles: it maintains oncotic pressure, serves as a carrier for various endogenous and exogenous substances, and exerts antioxidant effects. In the context of surgery, albumin may be administered to correct hypoalbuminemia (low serum albumin), which is associated with poor wound healing, increased risk of infection, and longer hospital stays.

However, the evidence supporting routine albumin administration specifically to enhance surgical wound healing or postoperative recovery is mixed. Some studies suggest that albumin infusion may improve hemodynamic stability and reduce complications in selected patients, such as those with cirrhosis, sepsis, or severe hypoalbuminemia. Nevertheless, meta-analyses (e.g., Cochrane reviews) have found that albumin does not significantly reduce mortality or improve surgical outcomes compared to other volume expanders like crystalloids. Guidelines generally recommend albumin only in specific scenarios, such as large-volume paracentesis or refractory shock, rather than routine use for all surgical patients.

In summary, albumin is scientifically used in certain surgical populations, but the overall evidence for its efficacy in promoting general surgical recovery and healing is moderate and does not support widespread, routine use.

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