Bovine protein, often sourced from beef or bovine-derived collagen, is used to support the structural system—which includes bones, joints, muscles, and connective tissues—based on several lines of scientific evidence. Proteins are fundamental building blocks for muscle and connective tissue repair and growth. Bovine collagen, a specific form of bovine protein, has been researched for its effects on joint health and connective tissue integrity. Multiple randomized controlled trials have shown that supplementation with bovine collagen peptides can improve symptoms of osteoarthritis, reduce joint pain, and support cartilage health. Additionally, whey and other bovine-derived proteins are frequently used in sports nutrition to aid muscle recovery and hypertrophy after exercise.

The mechanisms by which bovine protein supports the structural system include providing essential and non-essential amino acids necessary for the synthesis of collagen, elastin, and muscle proteins. Hydrolyzed collagen peptides, in particular, have been shown to stimulate the production of extracellular matrix components in cartilage and skin. While not all studies agree on the magnitude of the effect, the preponderance of evidence, especially with collagen supplements, validates the use of bovine protein for supporting bone, joint, and muscle health. However, the benefits are most pronounced in populations with increased protein needs or existing joint issues, rather than universally across all demographics.