Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Sambucus nigra (elderberry) has a long history of traditional use for treating symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, including sore throat. Folk medicine in Europe has used elderberry preparations—such as teas, syrups, and extracts—for centuries to alleviate cold and flu symptoms, which commonly include sore throat. The rationale in traditional use centers on the perceived soothing and anti-inflammatory properties of elderberry, as well as its potential to stimulate the immune system.

From a scientific perspective, there is limited direct evidence specifically evaluating elderberry for sore throat relief. Most clinical studies have focused on its effects against influenza and the common cold, with some showing modest reductions in symptom duration and severity. These studies typically assess a range of symptoms, not sore throat in isolation. Laboratory research has identified potential antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties in elderberry extracts, which could theoretically contribute to symptomatic relief.

However, high-quality clinical trials specifically targeting sore throat as an endpoint are lacking. Thus, while elderberry is traditionally used for sore throat and related symptoms, the scientific evidence supporting this particular use remains limited. The evidence rating reflects widespread traditional application but only suggestive—not definitive—scientific support for this indication.

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