Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Sardines are a nutrient-dense food, rich in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA), high-quality protein, vitamin D, vitamin B12, calcium, and selenium. Scientific interest in sardines and other oily fish often focuses on their cardiovascular and neurological benefits, but there is a plausible basis for their support of small intestine health as well. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects in the gut and may help to maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Several studies suggest that omega-3s can modulate the gut microbiota and reduce markers of intestinal inflammation in both animal models and humans (e.g., in inflammatory bowel diseases). Sardine protein and their micronutrient content may also contribute indirectly to gut health by supporting overall nutritional status, which is important for tissue repair and immune function in the gut lining. However, direct clinical trials specifically evaluating sardines for small intestine function in healthy individuals are lacking. Most evidence comes from broader research on omega-3s and gut health, and a few animal model studies. Therefore, while there is a scientific rationale and some supporting evidence, the strength of the evidence for sardines specifically supporting small intestine health is moderate but not robust.

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