Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Saccharomyces, most notably Saccharomyces boulardii, is a probiotic yeast with a significant body of research supporting its use for various gastrointestinal conditions, particularly those affecting the small intestine. Clinical studies have shown that S. boulardii can help prevent and treat antibiotic-associated diarrhea, traveler's diarrhea, and some forms of infectious diarrhea (e.g., caused by Clostridioides difficile), which frequently involve the small intestine. The proposed mechanisms include inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms, modulation of intestinal immune responses, reinforcement of the intestinal barrier, and restoration of the normal microbiota. Although much of the specific research is on S. boulardii rather than other Saccharomyces species, its efficacy in supporting and protecting small intestinal function is reasonably well documented. For example, randomized controlled trials have found that S. boulardii can decrease the duration and severity of diarrhea and may reduce relapse rates in recurrent C. difficile infection. However, the evidence is not universal and is stronger for some indications than others. There is less evidence for the use of unspecified or other Saccharomyces species in this context, and direct benefits to "small intestine function" outside of infectious or inflammatory conditions are less well established. Thus, the rating reflects moderate but not comprehensive scientific support, primarily for S. boulardii in select gastrointestinal disorders.

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