Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Phytase and pectinase are enzymes commonly used in digestive enzyme supplements, with the goal of improving nutrient absorption and supporting gastrointestinal health, particularly in the small intestine. Phytase catalyzes the hydrolysis of phytic acid, a form of phosphorus storage in plants that can bind minerals and reduce their bioavailability. By breaking down phytic acid in food, phytase can increase the release and absorption of essential minerals such as iron, zinc, and calcium in the small intestine. This role is well documented in animal nutrition, especially in poultry and swine, where phytase supplementation is standard practice to improve mineral uptake and decrease environmental phosphorus output. Human studies are more limited, but in vitro and some in vivo evidence suggest that phytase could similarly enhance mineral absorption from plant-based diets in humans.

Pectinase breaks down pectin, a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fruits and vegetables. By degrading pectin, pectinase may facilitate the breakdown of complex carbohydrates in the small intestine, potentially reducing gastrointestinal discomfort and mildly improving nutrient absorption, although the evidence in humans is more preliminary than for phytase. Overall, while both enzymes have biochemical plausibility and some supporting evidence (especially for phytase), the strength of clinical evidence in humans is modest and rated at 3 out of 5.

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