Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine and has been widely studied for its effects on muscle mass, strength, and recovery. More recently, there has been growing scientific interest in HMB’s potential role in supporting skeletal health, particularly bone density and strength. Several preclinical studies in animal models have shown that HMB supplementation can improve bone mass, bone mineral density (BMD), and biomechanical properties of bone. These effects are believed to be mediated by mechanisms such as enhancing collagen synthesis, reducing bone resorption, and modulating osteoblast and osteoclast activity.

In humans, the evidence is more limited but promising. A few small clinical studies, particularly in older adults at risk for muscle and bone loss, suggest that HMB supplementation may help attenuate declines in BMD, especially when combined with resistance exercise or other nutrients like vitamin D and calcium. For example, a randomized controlled trial found that HMB, along with vitamin D and calcium, helped reduce bone loss in older women. However, most human data focus on muscle preservation, with bone effects typically being secondary outcomes. Large, long-term trials specifically targeting bone health outcomes are still lacking.

Overall, while animal and preliminary human studies provide some scientific validation for the use of HMB in supporting the skeletal system, especially in situations of increased bone turnover or loss, the strength of the evidence is moderate (rating: 3/5) and further research is needed.

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