Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Calcium Fructo-Oligosaccharides (Ca-FOS) are prebiotic fibers that have been studied for their potential to support bone health. The scientific evidence supporting their use is moderate. FOS are short-chain fructans that resist digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract and are fermented by gut microbiota, producing short-chain fatty acids. This fermentation process has been shown to increase the solubility and absorption of minerals, particularly calcium, in the colon.

Several human and animal studies have demonstrated that supplementation with FOS can enhance calcium absorption and retention, especially when dietary calcium intake is marginal. For example, randomized controlled trials in adolescents and postmenopausal women have shown that FOS can increase calcium absorption and, in some cases, improve bone mineral density or markers of bone turnover. The effect is thought to be due to both the prebiotic action of FOS, which positively modulates gut flora, and its ability to create an acidic environment in the colon, promoting greater mineral solubility.

However, while the evidence is promising, it is not yet robust enough to unequivocally recommend Ca-FOS as a primary intervention for bone health. The studies tend to be relatively short in duration and variable in design. Thus, Ca-FOS may be a supportive adjunct, especially in populations at risk for low calcium intake or poor absorption, but should not be considered a replacement for established bone health therapies or adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.

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