Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Its role in suppressing neural activity is critical for maintaining the balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain. Seizures, including those seen in epilepsy, often result from excessive neuronal excitation. The scientific rationale for using GABAergic agents to treat seizures is well-established: enhancing GABAergic inhibition can decrease the likelihood of abnormal, synchronous neuronal firing that leads to seizures.

Many of the most widely used anti-seizure medications (anticonvulsants) work by modulating GABA activity. For example, benzodiazepines and barbiturates enhance the effect of GABA at the GABA_A receptor, increasing chloride influx and hyperpolarizing neurons, thereby reducing neuronal excitability. Drugs like vigabatrin inhibit GABA transaminase, the enzyme responsible for GABA breakdown, thereby increasing GABA levels in the brain. Tiagabine inhibits GABA reuptake, also raising synaptic GABA concentrations. These mechanisms have been validated in both animal models and human clinical trials.

It is important to note that while direct supplementation with oral GABA is not effective for treating seizures—primarily because GABA does not efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier—the use of drugs that enhance endogenous GABAergic signaling is a cornerstone of modern seizure management. Thus, the link between GABA and seizure control is strongly supported by scientific evidence.

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Nature's Sunshine Gaba Plus