Poloxamer, particularly Poloxamer 188, is a nonionic surfactant and polymer frequently used in topical formulations for wound care, including scratches and abrasions. Its primary scientific justification for use in these settings is its surfactant and wound cleaning properties. Several studies have demonstrated that Poloxamer 188 can gently cleanse wounds without causing cytotoxicity or irritation, making it suitable for sensitive or damaged skin. It reduces the surface tension of wound exudate and debris, thereby facilitating more effective removal of contaminants and necrotic tissue. This cleansing action can help prevent infection and support the natural healing process.

In addition to its cleansing properties, Poloxamer 188 has been shown to maintain a moist wound environment, which is beneficial for healing superficial skin injuries. Clinical studies and in vitro experiments suggest that it does not impede the activity of important wound-healing cells such as fibroblasts and keratinocytes, distinguishing it from some antiseptics that may delay healing.

While there is moderate scientific evidence supporting its use as an adjunct in wound cleaning and management, Poloxamer is typically used as a component of a rinse or wound irrigation solution, rather than as a primary healing agent. Its role is primarily supportive, enhancing the wound environment rather than directly accelerating healing. The evidence base is stronger for its safety and efficacy in wound cleansing than for direct healing effects, justifying a moderate evidence rating.