Hydrogen peroxide has been traditionally and scientifically used as an antiseptic for minor wounds such as scratches and abrasions. Its primary mechanism is the release of oxygen when it comes into contact with tissue, which can help mechanically remove debris and kill some bacteria. This effervescence is visually reassuring and contributes to its popularity in first aid. However, scientific evidence supporting its effectiveness for wound cleaning is limited. Studies have shown that hydrogen peroxide does possess bactericidal activity, but it is non-selective, meaning it can also damage human cells, particularly fibroblasts and keratinocytes that are crucial for wound healing. This cytotoxicity can delay wound repair, potentially outweighing any mild antiseptic benefit. Clinical guidelines now often recommend against hydrogen peroxide for routine wound care, favoring saline or water for irrigation, unless there is a specific need for mechanical debridement. In summary, while there is a long tradition of use and some scientific rationale for its antimicrobial action, the overall evidence does not strongly support hydrogen peroxide as the best choice for treating scratches and abrasions, and its routine use is not recommended by most current medical guidelines.