The use of Streptomyces (unspecified) in the support and treatment of scabies is scientifically justified, primarily due to the discovery and use of ivermectin. Ivermectin is a macrocyclic lactone compound originally derived from the fermentation products of Streptomyces avermitilis, a soil-dwelling actinomycete. Since its introduction in the late 20th century, ivermectin has become a standard oral treatment for scabies, particularly in cases where topical treatments have failed or are impractical. Multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have confirmed its efficacy and safety for the treatment of human scabies (Strong, M., Johnstone, P., 2007), and it is included in international guidelines for scabies management.

The mechanism by which ivermectin works involves binding to glutamate-gated chloride channels in the nerve and muscle cells of the scabies mite, leading to paralysis and death of the parasite. The use of Streptomyces species as a source of antiparasitic agents is an example of bioprospecting for natural products with therapeutic potential. However, it is the purified compound (ivermectin), not the raw or uncharacterized Streptomyces organism or its crude extracts, that is used clinically. There is no evidence supporting the direct use of whole Streptomyces cultures or unrefined products for scabies, but the scientific impact of its secondary metabolites is well-established.