Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Phleum pratense (commonly known as Timothy grass) is used as an allergen extract in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis, particularly in the form of allergen-specific immunotherapy (also called allergy shots or sublingual tablets). The scientific rationale is based on controlled clinical trials and meta-analyses demonstrating that exposure to controlled doses of Phleum pratense pollen can induce immunological tolerance in individuals allergic to grass pollen. This leads to a reduction in allergic symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, and itching.

Regulatory agencies in Europe and the United States have approved standardized Phleum pratense pollen extracts for use in immunotherapy for grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis. Double-blind, placebo-controlled studies have shown statistically significant improvements in symptoms and reduced need for medication in patients receiving these extracts compared to placebo. The mechanism involves modulation of the immune response, including increased production of regulatory T cells and changes in IgG/IgE antibody profiles.

However, it is important to note that this use is specific to highly standardized, medically supervised preparations and not to the plant or its extracts in general. While efficacy is moderate to strong (hence the rating of 3), not all patients respond equally, and treatment should be individualized. Overall, the use of Phleum pratense for allergic rhinitis is supported by scientific evidence, especially in the context of allergen immunotherapy.

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