Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactobacillus species, a group of probiotic bacteria, have been investigated for their potential role in alleviating symptoms of rhinitis, particularly allergic rhinitis. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have explored the efficacy of oral administration of various Lactobacillus strains (such as Lactobacillus paracasei, L. rhamnosus, and L. casei) in reducing nasal symptoms, improving quality of life, or modulating immunologic markers associated with allergic rhinitis. Some studies report modest improvements in symptom scores and immunological parameters (e.g., decreased IgE, altered cytokine profiles) compared to placebo. However, results are inconsistent across trials, with some showing no clinically significant benefit. A 2015 systematic review (Peng et al., Int Forum Allergy Rhinol) concluded that probiotics, including Lactobacillus species, may offer a small benefit for allergic rhinitis symptoms, but the evidence is limited by heterogeneity in study protocols, strains used, and outcome measures. The effect size is generally small, and the clinical significance remains uncertain. Importantly, most research focuses on allergic rhinitis, not non-allergic or infectious rhinitis. There is little to no evidence for the benefit of unspecified Lactobacillus strains, and efficacy likely depends on the specific strain and patient population. As such, while there is some scientific investigation supporting use, overall evidence is weak and not robust enough to recommend routine use.

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