Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Salix babylonica (weeping willow) has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, but its use for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is also supported by scientific evidence, though not at the highest levels of rigor. The bark of Salix species, including S. babylonica, contains salicin, a compound that is metabolized in the body to salicylic acid, which has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Historical records indicate the use of willow bark for pain and inflammation since ancient times, and modern studies have shown that willow bark extracts can reduce pain and inflammation in conditions such as osteoarthritis and back pain. A few clinical trials and systematic reviews (mostly on Salix alba, but with similar phytochemistry) suggest modest efficacy in relieving pain and inflammation, including in rheumatic diseases. However, direct clinical evidence in rheumatoid arthritis patients is limited, and most research has focused on osteoarthritis or general pain states. The mechanism of action is thought to be similar to that of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but with a lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects at moderate doses. In summary, while traditional use is strong and there is a scientific rationale and some supporting evidence, the clinical data specifically for RA is limited, so the evidence is rated as moderate.

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