Evidence supporting the use of: Borage oil
For the health condition: Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Borage oil is derived from the seeds of Borago officinalis and is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid thought to have anti-inflammatory properties. Its use in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is primarily supported by scientific exploration rather than traditional herbal medicine. Several clinical studies and meta-analyses have examined the effects of GLA supplementation on RA symptoms. For example, randomized controlled trials have shown that GLA from borage oil may lead to modest improvements in joint tenderness, swelling, and morning stiffness in some patients with RA, likely due to GLA’s role as a precursor for anti-inflammatory prostaglandins. However, the evidence is inconsistent: some studies report statistically significant benefits, while others show little or no effect compared to placebo. A 2011 Cochrane review concluded that although GLA-containing oils like borage oil might provide some benefit for RA, the effects are modest and the quality of evidence is low to moderate, largely due to small sample sizes and methodological limitations. Adverse effects are generally mild but can include gastrointestinal upset and, rarely, liver toxicity. In summary, while there is a scientific rationale and some clinical support for borage oil in RA, the evidence is not robust or definitive, and it should not replace conventional therapies. Patients should consult healthcare providers before using borage oil as a supplement.

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