Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Somatropin, a recombinant form of human growth hormone (rhGH), has scientific evidence supporting its use in the context of radiation sickness, particularly for the treatment of hematopoietic syndrome following acute radiation exposure. Research, including preclinical animal studies and some clinical data, indicates that somatropin can stimulate bone marrow recovery and support hematopoiesis by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. This is especially relevant after radiation-induced damage, when the bone marrow's ability to produce blood cells is compromised.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved somatropin (marketed as Nplate [romiplostim] in conjunction with growth factors, including filgrastim, sargramostim, and epoetin alfa) under the "Animal Rule" for increasing survival in patients acutely exposed to myelosuppressive doses of radiation. The basis is that somatropin and other growth factors can accelerate the recovery of neutrophils, platelets, and red blood cells, reducing the risk of life-threatening infections and bleeding.

However, direct clinical trial evidence in humans is limited due to ethical and logistical challenges. The rating of 3 reflects substantial animal model data, some clinical extrapolation, and regulatory acknowledgment, but a lack of large-scale, controlled human trials. Overall, current scientific validation supports the use of somatropin as part of a multi-agent approach for treating radiation-induced hematopoietic syndrome.

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