Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

L-glutathione is an endogenous tripeptide with potent antioxidant properties. Its use in the context of radiation sickness is justified by limited scientific evidence, largely from preclinical and some clinical research. Radiation exposure generates a significant amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage cellular components such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. Glutathione acts as a critical intracellular antioxidant, directly neutralizing ROS and supporting cellular repair mechanisms. Animal studies have shown that administering glutathione or agents that boost its levels can reduce radiation-induced cellular damage and improve survival rates. For example, some experiments in rodents have demonstrated reduced tissue injury and improved hematopoietic recovery after radioprotective glutathione supplementation. In humans, there is limited but suggestive evidence: a few small clinical trials and case reports have explored parenteral or oral glutathione as a supportive therapy to reduce toxicity from radiation therapy in cancer patients, with some reports of reduced side effects such as mucositis and organ toxicities. However, these studies are generally small, not always placebo-controlled, and focus more on supportive care rather than acute radiation syndrome. Overall, while the scientific rationale is strong based on glutathione’s antioxidant properties, robust clinical trials specifically evaluating its efficacy in treating or preventing acute radiation sickness in humans are lacking. Thus, the evidence is currently rated as modest (2 out of 5).

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