Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Vitamin B9, also known as folate or folic acid (in its synthetic form), is strongly supported by scientific evidence for use in pregnancy. Folate is essential for DNA synthesis and cellular division, processes that are particularly important during the rapid growth and development of the fetus. A large body of clinical research, including randomized controlled trials and population-based studies, has shown that adequate folate intake before conception and during early pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) such as spina bifida and anencephaly.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), and other major health organizations recommend that women who are planning to become pregnant or who are in the early stages of pregnancy supplement with 400–800 micrograms of folic acid daily. These recommendations are based on extensive evidence demonstrating that supplementation lowers the incidence of NTDs by up to 70% in populations at risk. Folate is also important for preventing other potential pregnancy complications, including certain types of anemia.

Because of the strength and consistency of the scientific evidence, many countries have implemented folic acid fortification programs in staple foods to help prevent birth defects at the population level. Overall, the use of Vitamin B9 (folate) in pregnancy is among the most well-established and scientifically validated interventions in maternal health.

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