Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound formed during the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and Brussels sprouts. Its use in PMS Type D (depressive type), which is characterized by mood symptoms such as depression, tearfulness, and forgetfulness, is supported by a growing but still preliminary body of scientific evidence. DIM is thought to modulate estrogen metabolism, promoting the conversion of estradiol (a potent estrogen) into less active metabolites. Since PMS Type D may be associated with estrogen dominance or altered estrogen/progesterone ratios, DIM’s role in normalizing estrogen metabolism has been hypothesized to alleviate symptoms. Preclinical studies and small human trials suggest that DIM can influence estrogen pathways and possibly help balance hormone levels. However, robust clinical trials specifically evaluating DIM for PMS Type D are lacking. Most of the evidence is extrapolated from its general effects on estrogen metabolism and from studies in conditions like endometriosis or hormone-sensitive cancers. There is limited direct evidence supporting efficacy for PMS-related mood symptoms. Safety data is generally favorable, but more research is needed to establish optimal dosing and effectiveness for this specific use. Thus, while the scientific rationale exists and is being explored, the overall evidence is currently limited, warranting a modest rating.

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