Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Soy is sometimes used to support or treat premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms, primarily due to its content of isoflavones—plant-derived compounds with estrogen-like activity. Some scientific studies have investigated the potential of soy isoflavones to modulate hormonal balance and reduce PMS symptoms. The rationale is that isoflavones may exert weak estrogenic effects, potentially buffering the hormonal fluctuations that contribute to PMS. A few small clinical trials and observational studies suggest that diets high in soy or soy supplementation may be associated with reduced severity of PMS symptoms, such as mood swings, breast tenderness, or bloating. However, the evidence is not robust: most studies are either limited by small sample sizes, lack of rigorous controls, or show only modest benefits.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that while soy isoflavones may have some positive effect on menopausal symptoms, their effect on PMS is less clear and not strongly supported. Major health organizations do not currently recommend soy as a primary treatment for PMS. In summary, while there is some scientific rationale and limited evidence supporting the use of soy for PMS, the quality and quantity of evidence is modest, justifying a low evidence rating.

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