Bacteria, specifically in the form of probiotics (beneficial, non-pathogenic bacteria), have a scientifically validated role in supporting the immune system, including the activity and function of Peyer’s patches. Peyer’s patches are specialized lymphoid tissues located in the small intestine that monitor intestinal bacteria populations and play a critical role in the development of immune responses in the gut. Multiple studies have shown that certain probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species can modulate immune responses in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), of which Peyer’s patches are a key component.

Experimental evidence demonstrates that oral administration of specific probiotic strains enhances antigen sampling, increases secretory IgA production, and influences dendritic cell activity in Peyer’s patches. For example, research published in journals such as Immunology and Gut Microbes has documented how probiotics can stimulate the maturation of immune cells within Peyer’s patches, contributing to improved mucosal immunity and protection against pathogens. While the precise mechanisms remain an area of active research, the overall consensus is that beneficial bacteria interact with Peyer’s patches to help maintain immune balance and support gut health.

In summary, the use of bacteria (as probiotics) to support the function of Peyer’s patches is grounded in scientific evidence, with a moderate to strong level of support, especially in preclinical and animal studies, and increasing evidence from human trials.