Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is scientifically validated for use in certain types of peripheral neuropathy, particularly those resulting from thiamine deficiency. Thiamine deficiency can cause a form of neuropathy known as beriberi, characterized by nerve damage, muscle weakness, and sensory disturbances. Supplementation with thiamine in these cases is well-established and rapidly reverses symptoms. Clinical guidelines recommend thiamine supplementation in patients with suspected or confirmed deficiency, especially in contexts such as chronic alcoholism, malnutrition, or absorption disorders.

Beyond deficiency-related neuropathy, there is some evidence suggesting that high-dose thiamine or its derivatives (e.g., benfotiamine) may have beneficial effects in diabetic neuropathy. Several small clinical trials and animal studies indicate that benfotiamine can reduce pain and improve nerve conduction in diabetic patients, possibly by reducing advanced glycation end-products and oxidative stress. However, the overall quality and size of these studies are moderate, and systematic reviews rate the evidence as limited but promising.

In summary, the scientific justification for vitamin B1 in peripheral neuropathy is strong in thiamine deficiency but only moderately supported in other etiologies such as diabetic neuropathy. There is insufficient evidence for its use in other forms of neuropathy unrelated to thiamine status.

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