Eleutherococcus senticosus, commonly known as Siberian ginseng, has a long history of use in traditional medicine, especially in Russia, China, and other East Asian countries. Traditionally, it has been classified as an "adaptogen," a substance believed to help the body resist various physical, chemical, or biological stressors. Adaptogens are thought to support homeostasis and balance within the body, which includes modulating the activity of the autonomic nervous system, encompassing both sympathetic and parasympathetic branches. However, the traditional use of Eleutherococcus senticosus is more generally associated with enhancing vitality, reducing fatigue, and increasing resistance to stress, rather than specifically targeting the parasympathetic nervous system.

Scientific evidence for Eleutherococcus senticosus directly supporting the parasympathetic nervous system is limited. Most research focuses on its potential to improve endurance, cognitive function, and immune response, with some studies suggesting it may help normalize stress-induced physiological changes. However, few, if any, clinical studies have directly measured its effects on parasympathetic activity through biomarkers such as heart rate variability. Thus, while traditional uses may indirectly encompass support for balancing the nervous system, there is little direct scientific validation for its specific action on the parasympathetic branch.

In summary, Eleutherococcus senticosus is traditionally used to support stress adaptation and overall vitality, which may involve the autonomic nervous system, but direct evidence for supporting the parasympathetic nervous system specifically is weak.