Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Ursolic acid is a naturally occurring triterpenoid compound found in many plants, including apples, basil, and rosemary. Its potential role in supporting or treating osteoporosis is primarily based on preclinical scientific research rather than long-standing traditional use.

Animal studies and in vitro experiments have shown that ursolic acid can positively affect bone metabolism. It appears to promote osteoblast (bone-forming cell) differentiation and activity while inhibiting osteoclast (bone-resorbing cell) formation. The proposed mechanisms include modulation of signaling pathways such as NF-κB and MAPK, reduction of inflammation, and antioxidant effects—all factors implicated in bone health. For example, rodent studies have demonstrated that ursolic acid supplementation can attenuate bone loss in models of osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy (a common model for postmenopausal osteoporosis).

However, as of 2024, there are no robust clinical trials in humans that confirm these findings or establish efficacy, safety, and appropriate dosing for osteoporosis. The available evidence is promising but preliminary, and further research, especially well-designed human studies, is needed before ursolic acid can be recommended as a treatment or supportive agent for osteoporosis.

In summary, while there is some scientific basis—primarily from animal and cell studies—for considering ursolic acid in osteoporosis, the evidence is not yet strong or comprehensive, resulting in a low-to-moderate evidence rating.

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