Evidence supporting the use of: Transforming growth factor beta
For the health condition: Osteoporosis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in bone remodeling, which has attracted scientific interest in the context of osteoporosis. TGF-β plays a dual role in bone metabolism: it can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and regulate osteoclastogenesis (formation of bone-resorbing cells). Preclinical studies in animals and in vitro experiments indicate that TGF-β is essential for maintaining bone mass and structural integrity. Mice with disrupted TGF-β signaling exhibit impaired bone quality and increased bone fragility. Furthermore, TGF-β can modulate the responsiveness of bone to other systemic hormones and cytokines involved in bone turnover. However, evidence for the therapeutic use of TGF-β itself in osteoporosis is limited. While modulating the TGF-β pathway is a subject of ongoing research, there are currently no approved osteoporosis treatments based directly on exogenous TGF-β administration. Some experimental approaches aim to target TGF-β signaling to enhance bone formation or inhibit bone resorption, but these remain in the preclinical or early clinical trial stage. Overall, the scientific rationale exists due to TGF-β’s biological role, but clinical evidence supporting its direct use as a treatment for osteoporosis is weak to moderate at best.

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