Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), including resolvins, protectins, and maresins, are bioactive lipid compounds derived from omega-3 fatty acids. They are well-established in the scientific literature for their role in actively resolving inflammation, rather than simply suppressing it. Chronic, low-grade inflammation is now recognized as a contributing factor to osteoporosis, as it can promote increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation.

Animal studies and some in vitro research have shown that SPMs can inhibit osteoclast differentiation (cells that break down bone) and stimulate osteoblast activity (cells that build bone), suggesting a possible protective effect against bone loss. For example, resolvin E1 and D1 have been shown to reduce bone resorption and protect against bone loss in mouse models of periodontitis and inflammatory bone diseases. Additionally, SPMs have been shown to modulate immune responses that are linked to bone metabolism.

However, direct clinical evidence in humans with osteoporosis is very limited. Most research to date is preclinical, and there are no large-scale clinical trials demonstrating a clear benefit of SPM supplementation for osteoporosis prevention or treatment. Thus, while there is a plausible scientific rationale and promising early data, the evidence base is not yet strong, and further research is needed to establish efficacy and safety in humans.

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