Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens—plant-derived compounds structurally similar to human estrogen. Their potential use for osteoporosis is based on the role of estrogen in maintaining bone density. After menopause, women experience a rapid decrease in estrogen, which is associated with increased bone resorption and a higher risk of osteoporosis. Soy isoflavones, primarily genistein and daidzein, can bind to estrogen receptors and exert weak estrogenic effects, which may help reduce bone loss.

Several clinical studies and meta-analyses have investigated the effects of soy isoflavone supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown modest improvements in BMD or reductions in markers of bone turnover with isoflavone supplementation, especially in populations with low baseline dietary soy intake. However, the results are mixed, and some studies have found minimal or no significant benefit. A 2021 meta-analysis (Osteoporosis International) concluded that soy isoflavones might have a small, positive effect on lumbar spine BMD, but the clinical significance remains uncertain.

In summary, the scientific evidence supporting soy isoflavones for osteoporosis is moderate, with some data suggesting benefit, particularly for postmenopausal women. However, isoflavones are not considered a substitute for established osteoporosis treatments, and more large-scale, long-term studies are needed to clarify their role.

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