Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lignans are phytoestrogens—plant-derived compounds that have a weak estrogen-like effect in the body. Their potential use in supporting or treating osteoporosis is primarily based on scientific investigation rather than traditional medicine. The rationale stems from the decline in estrogen levels after menopause, which is a major risk factor for osteoporosis in women. Since lignans can bind to estrogen receptors, it is hypothesized that they may help mitigate bone loss. Preclinical studies in animal models have demonstrated that lignan supplementation, especially from flaxseed (one of the richest dietary sources), can reduce bone loss and improve bone mineral density. Some small-scale human studies and observational research suggest that higher dietary intake of lignans is associated with improved bone health markers, particularly in postmenopausal women. However, the evidence is inconsistent and limited by small sample sizes, short study durations, and variability in lignan types and doses used. Systematic reviews indicate that while lignans show some promise as a supportive therapy for osteoporosis, there is currently insufficient high-quality clinical evidence to recommend their use as a primary treatment. More robust, long-term randomized controlled trials are needed. Thus, while the scientific rationale exists and preliminary findings are encouraging, the overall strength of evidence supporting lignans for osteoporosis is modest.

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