Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin B12 is used in the support and treatment of neuralgia and neuritis, particularly in the context of peripheral neuropathies. There is moderate scientific evidence supporting its role in nerve health, especially in patients with B12 deficiency, which can cause neuropathic symptoms. Vitamin B12 is essential for myelin synthesis and neuronal function. Several clinical studies and reviews have shown that B12 supplementation can improve symptoms of neuropathy, mainly when the neuropathy is caused or aggravated by B12 deficiency (as seen in pernicious anemia, malabsorption, or strict vegetarian diets). Some studies, particularly from Japan and other Asian countries, have investigated the use of high-dose methylcobalamin (a form of B12) in neuropathic pain, diabetic neuropathy, and trigeminal neuralgia, reporting symptomatic improvements, although these findings are not universally accepted and further high-quality trials are needed.

However, evidence is less robust for the routine use of B12 in neuralgia or neuritis when B12 deficiency is not present. In these situations, its use is sometimes based on the rationale that it may support nerve repair or reduce inflammation, but definitive efficacy has not been established. Thus, while there is scientific rationale and some positive clinical data, particularly in deficiency states, the evidence does not strongly support its use for all cases of neuralgia or neuritis. The rating of 3 reflects moderate evidence, mainly for deficiency-related neuropathies.

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