Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Valerenic acid is a naturally occurring compound found in the roots of the Valeriana officinalis plant (common valerian), which has a long history of use as a herbal remedy for nervousness, insomnia, and anxiety. Scientific investigations into valerian root extracts, which contain valerenic acid as a principal active component, suggest that valerenic acid may have a modulatory effect on the central nervous system. Specifically, valerenic acid is believed to interact with the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor system in the brain, enhancing GABAergic signaling, which is associated with sedative and anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that valerenic acid can exert anticonvulsant and anxiolytic effects in animal models. Clinical trials on valerian extracts (rather than isolated valerenic acid) have produced mixed but generally positive results for mild anxiety and sleep disturbances. However, direct clinical evidence focusing exclusively on valerenic acid is limited, and most findings are extrapolated from studies of whole valerian extracts. Overall, valerenic acid’s use to support the nervous system is primarily supported by its pharmacological action on GABA receptors, as well as animal and limited human research. More rigorous, large-scale clinical trials are needed to fully establish efficacy and optimal dosing. Nonetheless, the current evidence provides a scientific rationale for its traditional use in supporting nervous system health, particularly for stress and mild anxiety.

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