Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Hydroxymethylbutyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine and has been studied for its potential role in supporting muscle health, particularly in the context of muscle wasting, strength, and muscle mass preservation. Scientific research suggests that HMB supplementation may help reduce muscle protein breakdown and promote muscle protein synthesis, especially in individuals experiencing muscle atrophy due to inactivity, aging (sarcopenia), or certain diseases. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have reported that HMB supplementation can modestly improve muscle mass, strength, and overall muscle function in older adults and those with compromised muscle health.

However, the evidence is not uniformly strong across all populations. While some studies show significant benefits, others report minimal or no effects, particularly in healthy, well-nourished, and physically active individuals. The most consistent results are seen in clinical populations at risk of muscle wasting, such as elderly individuals or patients with chronic diseases. The mechanism by which HMB is thought to work involves inhibition of muscle protein breakdown and support of cell membrane integrity during periods of stress or immobility.

Overall, there is moderate scientific validation for the use of HMB to support or treat lack of muscle tone, particularly in at-risk or clinical populations. The rating of 3 reflects a fair amount of positive, but not definitive, evidence supporting its use in this context.

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