Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Basidiomycota is a large phylum of fungi that includes mushrooms such as Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi), Grifola frondosa (Maitake), and others. The use of Basidiomycota mushrooms in the context of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is supported mainly by preliminary scientific evidence rather than longstanding tradition. Several Basidiomycota species are known for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, which have prompted research into their potential for treating autoimmune conditions like MS. In preclinical studies, extracts from certain Basidiomycota mushrooms demonstrate the ability to modulate cytokine production, reduce neuroinflammation, and protect against demyelination in animal models of MS. For example, polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum have shown effects in reducing inflammatory markers and preserving neurological function in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a commonly used animal model for MS. However, clinical trials in humans are limited or lacking, and the available data do not yet provide robust evidence to support the widespread use of Basidiomycota mushrooms as a treatment for MS. While the scientific rationale exists and some early research is promising, the overall level of evidence remains low (rated 2 out of 5), and further well-designed clinical studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety in MS patients.

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