Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is scientifically validated as essential for mitochondrial function. Thiamine acts as a coenzyme in the form of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), which is crucial for several enzymes involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism, including pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and transketolase. These enzymes are integral to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) and the pentose phosphate pathway, both of which occur in part within the mitochondria and are necessary for ATP production and cellular energy metabolism.

Deficiency of thiamine results in impaired mitochondrial function, manifesting clinically as disorders such as beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, characterized by neurological and cardiovascular symptoms. Multiple scientific studies and clinical observations have demonstrated that thiamine supplementation restores mitochondrial function and energy production in thiamine-deficient individuals. A 2019 review in Frontiers in Physiology highlights the central role of thiamine in mitochondrial energy metabolism and its therapeutic benefit in mitochondrial disorders where thiamine-dependent enzymes are affected.

While direct evidence for thiamine supplementation improving mitochondrial function in non-deficient healthy individuals is limited, its necessity for basic mitochondrial enzymatic processes is well-established. Thus, the use of thiamine to support mitochondrial function is strongly grounded in scientific evidence, especially for prevention or treatment of deficiency states.

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