Pterostilbene is a natural polyphenol compound structurally related to resveratrol, found primarily in blueberries and several other plants. Its use to support mitochondrial function is based on emerging scientific evidence, primarily from preclinical studies. Research suggests that pterostilbene may enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and function, largely due to its antioxidant properties and ability to activate sirtuin pathways (notably SIRT1), which are associated with improved mitochondrial health and energy metabolism. Animal and in vitro studies have demonstrated that pterostilbene can reduce oxidative stress in mitochondria, promote ATP production, and protect against mitochondrial dysfunction, which is implicated in aging and metabolic diseases.

However, clinical evidence in humans remains limited. Most of the supportive data come from laboratory and animal studies, and there are very few human trials directly evaluating pterostilbene's effects on mitochondrial function. Therefore, while the mechanistic rationale is promising and preclinical evidence is supportive, the overall scientific validation is currently modest, justifying a moderate (2/5) evidence rating. More robust, controlled human studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety in this context.