Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a ketone body produced naturally in the liver during periods of low carbohydrate intake, prolonged exercise, or fasting. Scientific studies suggest that BHB can support mitochondrial function in several ways. Firstly, BHB serves as an efficient alternative energy substrate for mitochondria, especially in the brain and muscles, when glucose availability is limited. Research indicates that BHB metabolism generates fewer reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to glucose metabolism, potentially reducing oxidative stress on mitochondria (Newman & Verdin, 2017). Additionally, BHB has been shown to upregulate genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function via histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition, leading to enhanced cellular energy production and resilience (Shimazu et al., 2013). Animal and cellular studies have demonstrated that BHB supplementation may improve mitochondrial respiration and protect against mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. While most evidence comes from preclinical models, early human trials and mechanistic studies support the plausibility of BHB's beneficial effects on mitochondrial health. However, large-scale human clinical trials are still limited. Overall, the scientific basis for BHB's support of the mitochondrial body system is strong, but ongoing research is needed to fully establish efficacy and optimal use in humans.

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