Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin D3
For the health condition: Migraine

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin D3 has been investigated as a potential adjunct in the management of migraine, and there is emerging but limited scientific evidence to support its use. Several observational studies have found an association between low vitamin D levels and increased prevalence or severity of migraine. Some small randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have suggested that vitamin D supplementation may reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, particularly in individuals with vitamin D deficiency. For example, a 2019 double-blind RCT published in Headache found that daily supplementation with 2,000 IU of vitamin D3 for 24 weeks resulted in a significant reduction in headache frequency compared to placebo, especially in patients who had low baseline levels of vitamin D. Proposed mechanisms include vitamin D’s anti-inflammatory properties, its role in modulating neuronal excitability, and its effects on neurotransmitter regulation.

However, the current body of evidence is still limited by small sample sizes, short follow-up periods, and heterogeneity in dosage and patient populations. Not all studies have found a significant benefit, and there is no consensus on optimal dosing or specific patient groups who might benefit most. Most clinical guidelines do not currently recommend vitamin D3 as a standard treatment for migraine, though it may be considered in patients with documented deficiency. In summary, while there is some scientific basis for the use of vitamin D3 in migraine prevention, the overall evidence is preliminary and further large-scale, high-quality studies are needed.

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